There is a view, repeatedly advanced in the media, by conservative forces in society, and some academics, that the public sector in South Africa is bloated, that we have too many public servants, that they constitute a labour elite, and that public sector wages are crowding out other forms of expenditure, particularly investment. There is no specific size the public sector should be. This policy brief has a number of recommendations including expanding professional frontline employment and support services in the public sector, particularly in service delivery.